Professionalism

Professionalism
The entertainment aspect of sports, together with the spread of mass media and increased leisure time, has led to professionalism in sports. This has resulted in some conflict, where the paycheck can be seen as more important than recreational aspects, or where the sports are changed simply to make them more profitable and popular, thereby losing certain valued traditions.
The entertainment aspect also means that sportsmen and women are often elevated to celebrity status.
Politics

Politics

PoliticsAt times, sports and politics can have a large amount of influence on each other.
When apartheid was the official policy in South Africa, many sports people, particularly in rugby union, adopted the conscientious approach that they should not appear in competitive sports there. Some feel this was an effective contribution to the eventual demolition of the policy of apartheid, others feel that it may have prolonged and reinforced its worst effects.[7]
The 1936 Summer Olympics held in Berlin was an illustration, perhaps best recognised in retrospect, where an ideology was developing which used the event to strengthen its spread through propaganda.

In modern sport motorization has appeared.
In the history of Ireland, Gaelic sports were connected with cultural nationalism. Until the mid 20th century a person could have been banned from playing Gaelic football, hurling, or other sports administered by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) if she/he played or supported soccer, or other games seen to be of British origin. Until recently the GAA continued to ban the playing of soccer and rugby union at Gaelic venues. This ban is still enforced, but has been modified to allow football and rugby be played in Croke Park while Lansdowne Road is being redeveloped. Until recently, under Rule 21, the GAA also banned members of the British security forces and members of the RUC from playing Gaelic games, but the advent of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 led to the eventual removal of the ban.
Nationalism is often evident in the pursuit of sports, or in its reporting: people compete in national teams, or commentators and audiences can adopt a partisan view. On occasion, such tensions can lead to violent confrontation among players or spectators within and beyond the sporting venue (see Football War). These trends are seen by many as contrary to the fundamental ethos of sports being carried on for its own sake and for the enjoyment of its participants.

Sport

SportSport is an activity that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often engaged in competitively. Sports commonly refer to activities where the physical capabilities of the competitor are the sole or primary determinant of the outcome (winning or losing), but the term is also used to include activities such as mind sports (a common name for some card games and board games with little to no element of chance) and motor sports where mental acuity or equipment quality are major factors. Sport is commonly defined as an organized, competitive and skillful physical activity requiring commitment and fair play. Some view sports as differing from games based on the fact that there are usually higher levels of organization and profit (not always monetary) involved in sports. Accurate records are kept and updated for most sports at the highest levels, while failures and accomplishments are widely announced in sport news.
The term sports is sometimes extended to encompass all competitive activities in which offense and defense are played, regardless of the level of physical activity. Both games of skill and motor sport exhibit many of the characteristics of physical sports, such as skill, sportsmanship, and at the highest levels, even professional sponsorship associated with physical sports.
Sports that are subjectively judged are distinct from other judged activities such as beauty pageants and bodybuilding shows, because in the former the activity performed is the primary focus of evaluation, rather than the physical attributes of the contestant as in the latter (although "presentation" or "presence" may also be judged in both activities).
Sports are most often played just for fun or for the simple fact that people need exercise to stay in good physical condition.
Although they do not always succeed, sports participants are expected to display good sportsmanship, standards of conduct such as being respectful of opponents and officials, and congratulating the winner when losing.

Katrina, Aamir

Katrina, Aamir

Katrina Kaif and Aamir Khan are the most downloaded Bollywood celebrities, according to Bahrti Airtel’s mobile phone usage survey. The survey- Airtel Mobitude 2009- captures the preference and choice of over 116 million mobile users located across India.Based on the compilation of data that captures all downloaded content by an Airtel Mobile user during 2009, Airtel Mobitude is an annual survey that will be released by Bharti Airtel at the end of every calendar year. “Airtel Mobitude 2009 reflects the true choice of India. A mobile phone is considered by many as an intrinsic part of their daily life, be it a user in a small village or in a large town. It fulfills a consumer’s social and entertainment needs, from communicating with others, to downloading music, images and games, ” said Atul Bindal, President- Mobile Services, Bharti Airtel Ltd. Spreading across different parameters, Airtel Mobitude 2009 highlights interesting choices and preferences of ‘Mobile India’. For instance, Katrina Kaif and Aamir Khan were the most downloaded celebrities on an Airtel mobile beating the likes of Kareena Kapoor, Salman and Shahrukh Khan. Surprisingly, the survey also showcased that mobile users prefer to download a lot of Hollywood celebrities’ as much as Bollywood superstars. Over 200 million music downloads were completed by Airtel users in 2009. The study reflected that maximum music was downloaded by mobile users in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Maharastra and Punjab. Regional music was as popular as Hindi songs in all these States. Surprisingly Jab Dekho Phone Kar Dete Ho, an April Fool Joke is the most downloaded music ahead of Jai Ho of Slumdog Millionaire. The Indian Cricket team still rules supreme in the popularity charts amongst (Male) sports personalities. International Tennis Player Rafael Nadal completes the top five in this category. In the women sports category, Maria Sharapova was the most downloaded sports personality ahead of India’s Sania Mirza. Airtel Mobitude also captured the most connected occasion over a mobile phone. Users send maximum messages on the New Year followed by Diwali, Dusshera and interestingly Friendship Day. Airtel Mobitude 2009 is a compilation of millions of downloads and billions of SMSs by Airtel customers across cities, towns and villages of India. The study offers yet another medium to conduct consumer behaviour studies that reflect a larger community of people across strata and regional boundary.

Establishment of Peace Research Institute in Biratnagar:

Establishment of Peace Research Institute in Biratnagar:

Purbanchal University has stepped up to establish the Peace Research Institute in Biratnagar, the Eastern part of Nepal as per mentioned justifications:
The establishment of Peace Research Institute in Eastern part of Nepal can have very high prestigious role and can have a large functions towards peace building due to geographical, ethnic, cultural, religious, trade, and natural resource conflicts in the regions.
Nepal has a very close cultural, religious, ethnic and caste based relationship with India. The Nepalese trade is highly dependent on India’s prospects. The people to people contacts in between India and Nepal are tremendously very high due to exchange of various cultural and religious activities. People’s movement, separatist movement, labor movements and the commercial and industrial movements have close impacts on each other borders in the neighboring countries, especially Bhutan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
The border disputes, inhabitants vs. the Diasporas conflicts, conflict in the North east region of India, Conflicts in Myanmar have very close contacts in creating inter and intra conflicts within the specified regions. The separatists and the impacts of political movement in either of the neighboring country surely affect the other side of the border. The inter-intra cross-border crime and violence as well as terrorisms activities have influence in Nepal using Biratnagar as a gateway, enabling violent conflicts in the region.
The present transitional phase of Nepal needs decentralized movements in research and in other activities. The study of various conflicts and its underpinning reasons and field excursion case studies will be very appropriate to lead in Biratnagar.
Biratnagar has very close borders to Bangladesh, Bhutan and is also connected with North East states of India and Myanmar. The connectivity with the Indian and other neighboring countries has made Biratnagar as the most important hub for trade and commercial activities. Similarly Biratnagar is also ruled as an important hub in terms of leaderships for major revolutions. The impulse and the impacts of major movements in the neighboring countries have its gateway to Nepal through Biratnagar. The first democratic movement of independence India, Naxalites movements in the north east provinces of India has impacted Nepal through the gateway of Biratnagar, seeded major changes in the past and the present conditions in Nepal

Mission:

Mission:

Due to its diverse geo-physical conditions, Purbanchal University qualifies for many research activities in Peace and Conflict Studies that could be of tremendous benefits to region (Including Neighboring countries). The Purbanchal University is presently conducting intensive search to conduct a number of collaborative research activities in close association with national, regional and international organizations. The current fields of interest are peace building and conflict transformation, but there are also open to additional areas of interest. The institute will be developed and expanded in two phases.
Phase-1: It will refer and concentrate its activities with respect to the present condition and demands especially focusing peace research and the training programs
Phase-2: It will refer the past experiences through research activities and the projects responsible to develop and expand its long term mission.

The Need of Peace Research Institute:

The Need of Peace Research Institute:

The present scenario of Nepal may be compared, observed and predicted as the cases of many other Civil wars, happened in many other countries. It can also be critically, somehow compared as the case study of the civil wars in Guatemala.
We believe that the present situation of Nepal is in great need of impartial and autonomous peace research Institution following the International recognition. The Institute could assist and serve civil society at large in the South Asia region. The government, policy makers and the academicians, are in need of such Institution supporting the ideas of conflict resolution. The Institute could produce early warning system of the conflicts and could also able to suggest the Governments on the issues and the strategies of peace building process in the conflict zones. In addition to various other objectives, Peace research can subordinate the issues for finding facts of root cause of conflicts, truth finding facts on latent conflicts. The Institute is required to carry the mission of peace building research in grass root level. The establishment of Peace research Institute will able to spread its activities on various types of conflicts, coexisting in similar forms also in neighboring countries of Nepal, especially in India, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Myanmar. The nature of the conflicts and the various forms of Incompatibilities describes homogeneous background transmitting its subjectivist and objectivist forms of conflicts in one and another country. We also believe that Peace Research Institute will have a very important role in this north east region of South Asia due to the typical geopolitical environments. This particular region (Some north east part of India, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Myanmar) has impacted due to context, actors, issues and the interest of the parties originating various types of conflicts.

Present scenario and Ongoing Peace Process in Nepal:

Present scenario and Ongoing Peace Process in Nepal:
We have observed that Present condition of Nepal has many types of incompatibilities among various actors. The ongoing peace process reflects several issues and interests among the actors who are involved in peace talk. The post civil war and existing incompatibilities will also be responsible for creating few other actors with their various issues and interest. There are several incompatibilities and conflicts among King, political parties, government, army, Maoist, international agencies and other hidden actors for various issues and interest. There are other latent conflicts on regional levels, like structural conflicts on Madheshi issues (ethnic group in Terai), issues on Bhutanese refugees. The lack of clear policies on Madheshi Issues from Government of Nepal may create a similar situation like Srilanka, in future. The country is passing through a very crucial phase and seemed to be declared as failed state, if the country does not receive the proper solution, soon.
The ongoing peace process in Nepal can be resolved on the basis of proper dealing on DDR (Demobilization, Disarmament and the Reintegration). The dialogue between Top Maoist leaders and the Seven Parties allies are going on; they have to attend many rounds of dialogues and meetings and have to join itching exercises to resolve the problem at grass root. They have to also pass through an acid test on the issues of Monarchy. But the presence of UN Envoys on arm management created little hope. We believe that the current peace process of Nepal is on the swords edge particularly due to various actors and interests. We also believe that the ongoing Double D (DD) process is not accurately exercised with a sound framework. The actors and the facilitators involved within ongoing DDR process have least addressed the grass root conflicts, which were unlikely the basic reasons of Maoist Movements.

Purbanchal University

Purbanchal University

believes that ICT education in third world has been challenged by ever growing rapid challenges in technologies and the demands of new jobs dynamically required by developed countries. Today the third world, especially the south Asia has become one of largest hub of Software development market, the Nepalese IT Industries could be better future scope for International market in future. Purbanchal University is exploring possible partners Universities/Institutions who have leading expertise in IT education and research. It is hoped that this assistance and understanding in cooperation will further strengthen the University's capacity to accomplish its statutory goals and objectives.
Technical Advisory support in establishing High Tech ICT Labs for researchers. Business Entrepreneurs, and also for s/w developers
Technical advisory for equipping and enhancing it’s electronic, computing and telecommunications laboratories at its central campuses based in Gothgaon.
As a consultant to Development a broad proposal for Establishment of Centre of Excellent Infotech Park.
As a consultant: to advise and to develop ICT based curricula run by various faculties under Purbanchal University
As a Consultant: to develop a broad technical detail and the project proposal to establish centre of Excellence Distance and E-Learning centre comprising Educational Technologies.
To support in HR trainings.
To explore the possible scopes in providing dual degrees in ICT professional courses.
Understanding in exchanging researchers and student
Support to Establish International Placement centre

Purbanchal University

Purbanchal Universitybelieves that ICT education in third world has been challenged by ever growing rapid challenges in technologies and the demands of new jobs dynamically required by developed countries. Today the third world, especially the south Asia has become one of largest hub of Software development market, the Nepalese IT Industries could be better future scope for International market in future. Purbanchal University is exploring possible partners Universities/Institutions who have leading expertise in IT education and research. It is hoped that this assistance and understanding in cooperation will further strengthen the University's capacity to accomplish its statutory goals and objectives.
Technical Advisory support in establishing High Tech ICT Labs for researchers. Business Entrepreneurs, and also for s/w developers
Technical advisory for equipping and enhancing it’s electronic, computing and telecommunications laboratories at its central campuses based in Gothgaon.
As a consultant to Development a broad proposal for Establishment of Centre of Excellent Infotech Park.
As a consultant: to advise and to develop ICT based curricula run by various faculties under Purbanchal University
As a Consultant: to develop a broad technical detail and the project proposal to establish centre of Excellence Distance and E-Learning centre comprising Educational Technologies.
To support in HR trainings.
To explore the possible scopes in providing dual degrees in ICT professional courses.
Understanding in exchanging researchers and student
Support to Establish International Placement centre

PURBANCHAL UNIVERSITY

PURBANCHAL UNIVERSITY

Introduction:
The establishment of Purbanchal University in 1993 was visualized as an extraordinary endeavour by the Government of Nepal to create an academic centre of excellence in the Eastern Development Region of Nepal. Its prime role was outlined to act as a catalytic agent for the promotion of socio-economic transformation in Nepal through quality education appropriate for quality life and sustainable future. Since its establishment, the university is motivated by its fundamental objective of preserving, refining, inventing, adopting, extending and transmitting knowledge in an environment that fosters free enquiry and open scholarly debate, leading to all-encompassing development of the rural people and their economies and environment.

The establishment of Purbanchal University as the public institution has come as a great relief to both urban and rural poor mass wishing to attain higher education within the country. With its affordable fee-structure and expansive premise of over 545 Hectares in rural settings of eastern region of Nepal, this fully autonomous public University is geared to play a substantial role in academic development and quality education in Nepal.
The last twelve Years has been the acid test period for the University and today it is an accomplished institution in academic arena of Nepal. In spite of its ever-growing popularity within the people and academic society of the country, the University has always strived for achieving higher academic statures in every coming day, month and year

Location Descriptions

Orphanage programs are located in the outside area of Kathmandu (within 6 - 10 KM). Kathmandu is a vigorous capital city of Nepal with places of great tourist attractions like Thamel, Patan, Swaymbhu, etc. Kathmandu has a wide range of restaurants, internet cafés, clubs, shopping centers, and banks. The volunteers also have numerous opportunities to explore the sites under cultural heritage during free time. Our volunteers can simply hike in near by villages, ride bikes in Kathmandu, walk around the tourist city of Thamel, the options are many. Working with elderly Citizen We also support interested personnel who want to serve elderly people, however this is not our main focus. Interested volunteers will be placed in the care centers for the elderly and can help the elderly citizens with their daily activities. If you love to serve elderly people then contact us. We can be the right hand to help you work with them.

Basecamp works

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MT. EVEREST (SAGARMATHA), 8,848 M

Sagarmatha (Mount Everest) is the World's Highest Mountain. Sagarmatha rises to 8848 Meters (29,030 Feet) above the sea level. Originally Mount Everest was called Peak XV. As it turned out, Peak XV already had two other names one name came from South side of the Mountain, from the Nepalese who referred to it as Sagarmatha or "Goddess of the Sky". The other name came from North side of the mountain from the Tibetans, who had name to it as Joloungma, or "Goddess, Mother of the world". Later the mountain has renamed in honor of Sir George Everest. Although today it is rarely called Joloungma or Sagarmatha, it is clear from their names for the mountain that the Nepalese and Tibetan people worshiped this special place on the earth.
Mount Everest looms above the valleys of the Khumbu Region of Nepal. The world's tallest mountain has lured trekkers and mountaineers since Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary, a New Zealand beekeeper, made the first ascent in May 1953. While it has been more than 50 years since it first achieved international celebrity, Everest continues to fascinate the adventurous as a world-class mountain destination.
Snow Lion Expeditions has been leading trekkers to the base of the world's highest mountain for nearly two decades. The company offers three different trekking routes through the Khumbu to breathtaking viewpoints of Everest: Kala Pattar, Everest Base Camp, Gokyo Ri and Thyangboche Monastery.

About Pokhara

Pokhara - the valley of lakes, is also known as the center of adventure. Pokhara is a place of remarkable natural beauty. The spectacular panorama of the Annapurna range, the pyramid-like tower of Mt. Fishtail, the Seti and Kali gorges, legendary Devi's Fall….. All within your reach.

Hotel Lake Palace is located at lake side and offers 24 luxurious rooms. Most of our rooms offers an uninterrupted view of Fewa Lake and snow-capped mountains. Equipped with centralized AC, Cable TV, Telephone, Mini Bar, and of course, attach bath with hot and cold shower, our rooms are designed to provide a hogh standard comfort and luxury.

Pokhara- the valley of lakes, has some of the most beautiful blue water lakes in the kingdom. Fewa, Begnas and Rupa are particularly popular among travelers and Fewa is the most enchanting of the three lakes. Imagine the view of Annapurna and Mt. Fishtail, Sailing or rowing a hired boat across to the water, visiting the Iceland temple of Barahi in the middle or relaxing and breathing fresh air at the lake side………. and much more.
At Hotel Lake Palace, you will find a team of dedicated young people who are highly motivated and committed to a high degree of professionalism. Personalized service, homely atmosphere and willingness to assist our guests is all that you could expect from us.
Pokhara- Nature's Paradise, is also known as Trekker's paradise. Pokhara is the starting and / or finishing point for some of the popular treks including the Annapurna Circuit and the Jomshom Trek. Picturesque villages, gently rolling chains of hills with terraced fields of rice, subrropical forests, the hot spring and unique silhouette of the himalayas, whose gigantic mountains are so close that you could grasp them….. All to be close to the nature.
Hotel Lake Palace operates a multicuisine restaurant which serves authentic continental, Chinese, Indian and limited \Nepali cuisine. Quality ingredients, hygiene, expertise in menu preparation, attentive service….. yet a guaranteed value for your money.

Makalu Himal

Mount Makalu (8463m.) was first climbed by a French party in 1955. The peak was first mapped and photographed from the Tibetan side by the 1921 British Everest reconnaissance. Hillary and Shipton photographed mount Makalu during a side trip on the 1951 Everest reconnaissance. Hillary and others approached the peak a year later after the failure of their mount Cho Oyu expedition.

The first attempt on mount Makalu was in 1954 by a US team, mostly from California , who trekked all the way from the Indian border near Biratnagar. At the same time a British team approached the mountain, but this expedition was abandoned when Hillary became seriously ill and had to be evacuated.

In the autumn of 1954 a French team attempted the peak. In the following spring, successfully ascents were made by three teams of French climbers on successive days.

In 1960 a large scientific and mountaineering expedition wintered at the foot of mount Ama Dablam, occupying the Green and Silver buts. In May 1961, the expedition trekked across the Mingbo La and other high passes to the foot off mount Makalu , where they planned to climb the French route, Sickness stopped the expedition, which became a heroic struggle for survival.

The Japanese climbed mount Makalu in 1970, another French team climbed it in 1971 and a Yugoslav expedition reached the summit in 1975. In 1976 Spanish and Czechoslovakian teams joined up near the summit.

Makalu West Face
It is very adventurous route to climb because it is a little bit dangerous as well. The 5 attempts were made before climbing this Mount Makalu Mountain ; then only it was succeeded in the final.

The West Face was successfully summit in 1997. The Russian expedition had taken the route of this West Face of mount Makalu, leaded by Sergey Efimov and climbed the top on 21st of May via the most difficult route. The last part of the route had gone on Parago ridge. Alexei Bolotov, Yuri Ermachek, Dmitri Pavlenko, Igor Bugachevski and Nikolai Jiline had climbed on the top of mount Makalu at this time For this ascent they were awarded the "Gold ice-axe".
The routes are of 4 parts:
The bottom part starts from the base of the West Face at 5,800 meters and climbs to the hanging ice-fall at 6,100 meters to the right part of the ice-fall. The second part extends from the plateau above the ice-fall along 35 to 45 degree elevation's rock up to the 6,500 meters high. The next section is an ice-rock wall, 50 to 55 degrees steep & that extends to 7,400 meters height. The last final section begins 70 to 75 degree elevation's rock pillar, which leads to the west ridge at 8,000 meters height till to the top of the summit.

Ropes are typically fixed from 5800m to 6100m and from 6500 m to 7500m. Camps established by the Russian Team were at the following locations.

The French Route on the West Pillar is an aesthetically stunning line that has been seldom attempted. It is an exceedingly difficult, a very steep pillar that was first successfully ascended in 1971. The crux of the line comes at approximately 7,600m in the area of the Seignior Wall.

The first US team to summit was in 1980, they summit via this West Pillar Route . The team was made up of Jim States , John Roskelley, Kim Momb and Chris Kopczynski. They summit 2 members of the team and put 2 members within 150 feet. They summit without the use of oxygen or Sherpa support.

Trekking makalu Himal

Trekking in Nepal can be truly rewarding experience going through main trails or off the beaten trails. Here, at the routes you can stare at the wonders of the world's highest mountainous. Along small mountain villages, birds, animals, temples, monasteries and breathtaking landscapes, you will also encounter friendly people of different cultures-offering a fascinating glimpse of traditional rural life.
EVEREST BASE CAMP 2009 and 2010 Whiffs of cold air... blessings of lavishly adorned prayer flags... the yak caravans, monasteries & stare of innocent peoples make you feel a different world. Continuing towards Namche and as you later follow the trail to Everest you pass through Tengboche, Pheriche, Lobuche and then finally to Kalapattar (5,545m) from where the Mount Everest (8,850 m / 29,035 ft) appears with its full glory
The Last upward ramps seem as if they will never end. Stone after stone, snowfield after snowfield, its the climb up to Thorong La and trekking is Around Annapurna. Finally, the land spreads out before you, the panorama spreads out suddenly toward Dhaulagiri and the mountains of Mustang. The last few steps, lead to the great chorten adorned with hundreds of prayer flags. Among the many high passes of the mountains of Nepal, the Thorong La is the one that most strongly suggests a border crossing, a point of intersection between two worlds. - Stefano Ardito (Trekking in the Himalayas)
The Everest Borth Face:- Surely, a highlight of this trip is the visit to Everest Base Camp, and the trek to camp 3 at 6340m, where the sheer grandeur of Everest's North face you have to see is to believe. This adventure, the highest trek in the world takes you as close to the summit of Everest as any non-climber can go.
Newly opened:-We fully agree with the Lonely Planet morals - "Sometimes it is simply inappropriate to encourage an influx of travelers to some places" but we've got some reasons why we think you should visit these places. Discover you too what we find during our last trips.

Legwork For Land Reforms Policy:-

Legwork For Land Reforms Policy:-

Modernisation of the agriculture sector is a major feature of the upcoming land reforms policy, said Haribol Ghimire,chairman of the high level land reform commission (HLRC) in an interaction or ganised here today. The government formed the commission on December 10 last year to end all forms of disputes in land ownership and utility of land. "We are focusing on increasing agricultural producing through modernization," Said Gajurel. Disteibuting land to the poor will not be sustainable without increasing productivity, he adds. According to the 2001 date of the central bureau of statistics(CBS),66 per cent of Nepalis depend on agriculture. Land reforms is a high priority of the present government. The prosocialist government has decided to end discrimination based on land ownership and use.Around I million Nepali families comprising 800,000 in villages and 200,000 in town are landless. HLRC is consulting experts, activists and political parties to set the framework if land reforms."we are planning to land suggest some points which could make the country self-sustained in food," Said Gajurel .He points out that four major points----application of scientific land celling measures, promotion if agro based in dustries ought to be included in the new policy. Acording to Gajurel, HLRC is planning to suggest punishment for those who leave land barren. However, the commission is still not clear what kind of land ownership it should suggest to the government. "HLRC is collecting data and opinion from people. We will come to a conclusion within three months," he said." perhaps, there will be three kinds of ownership---government, cooperation and private. We are in dilemma whether to opt or cooperation or commune ownership." Nepal communist party (UML) leader keshav Badal favoured full ownership of the people. Acording to Badal, production cannot be increased without guaranteeing ownership of the people. "If the state cannot give a guarantee of land ownership, we will face the same situation that Vietnam did in the 1970s,"he said. Over 75 percent Vietnamese were in absolute poverty before 1986. Vietnam adoped a 'doi moi' policy in 1986 to modernize its agriculture. Now it is the world's second largest rice exporter. People below poverty line have dramatically decereased to 10 per cent and per capital has reached $1027 from$120 in22 years. The Community country is slowly distributing land ownership rights to citizens. Deputy speaker of the constituent assembly purna subedi said land reforms policy should be based on the needs of the people. "we have unique geo-physical and ethnic diversity, and so our needs are different than those of others, "she said. Nepali congress leader Laxman Ghimire stressed that the new land reforms policy should benefit the lower classes people and especially labour groups

Modernisation Legwork For Land Reforms Policy:-

Legwork For Land Reforms Policy:-

Modernisation of the agriculture sector is a major feature of the upcoming land reforms policy, said Haribol Ghimire,chairman of the high level land reform commission (HLRC) in an interaction or ganised here today. The government formed the commission on December 10 last year to end all forms of disputes in land ownership and utility of land. "We are focusing on increasing agricultural producing through modernization," Said Gajurel. Disteibuting land to the poor will not be sustainable without increasing productivity, he adds. According to the 2001 date of the central bureau of statistics(CBS),66 per cent of Nepalis depend on agriculture. Land reforms is a high priority of the present government. The prosocialist government has decided to end discrimination based on land ownership and use.Around I million Nepali families comprising 800,000 in villages and 200,000 in town are landless. HLRC is consulting experts, activists and political parties to set the framework if land reforms."we are planning to land suggest some points which could make the country self-sustained in food," Said Gajurel .He points out that four major points----application of scientific land celling measures, promotion if agro based in dustries ought to be included in the new policy. Acording to Gajurel, HLRC is planning to suggest punishment for those who leave land barren. However, the commission is still not clear what kind of land ownership it should suggest to the government. "HLRC is collecting data and opinion from people. We will come to a conclusion within three months," he said." perhaps, there will be three kinds of ownership---government, cooperation and private. We are in dilemma whether to opt or cooperation or commune ownership." Nepal communist party (UML) leader keshav Badal favoured full ownership of the people. Acording to Badal, production cannot be increased without guaranteeing ownership of the people. "If the state cannot give a guarantee of land ownership, we will face the same situation that Vietnam did in the 1970s,"he said. Over 75 percent Vietnamese were in absolute poverty before 1986. Vietnam adoped a 'doi moi' policy in 1986 to modernize its agriculture. Now it is the world's second largest rice exporter. People below poverty line have dramatically decereased to 10 per cent and per capital has reached $1027 from$120 in22 years. The Community country is slowly distributing land ownership rights to citizens. Deputy speaker of the constituent assembly purna subedi said land reforms policy should be based on the needs of the people. "we have unique geo-physical and ethnic diversity, and so our needs are different than those of others, "she said. Nepali congress leader Laxman Ghimire stressed that the new land reforms policy should benefit the lower classes people and especially labour groups

Facts on Pokhara City

Facts on Pokhara City
These facts are based on Data from HMG Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, and Websites of Municipalities. Last update on May 9 2006 Population About 170,000 thousand. It is believed that Pokhara was the city of Mallas, the rulers of Nepal about 250 years ago. The Newar community of Kathmandu Valley migrated to Pokhara, built houses like those of Mallas, and started developing settlements which lead to the development of this city. Today, Pokhara is developed by tourism, import and export business of both domestic as well as foreign products to various towns and villages in Kaski and other districts of Nepal Land Area 47.5 square miles (about 123 sq kilometers), About half of the area is the Sub-Metropolitan City area. Location Longitude : 83 58' 30"E to 80 02' 30" E Latitude : 28 10' N to 28 16' N Altitude 2900 feet (about 884 meter) Pokhara Experiences - Browse these websites and photo album and feel like you are experiencing it yourself. Have you been to Pokhara recently ? We would love to hear from you. Please share your experience in our blog or forum, links are at the bottom of this page. Picasaweb : Pokhara - Tosunilstha - a Nepali shows his trip to Pokhara through photos Mountain Music Project : Sarangi - a traveler talks about the place and nepali sarangi People - Umass - Pokhara- group of students from Bangladesh going to Pokhara Forgetmenotchildrens - Nepal Visit - daily blog on their visit to Nepal and beyond Flickr - Pokhara - Sdhawan - author's pokhara photos Support The most joy of doing anything on this site, is being able to help. If you have any questions, please ask freely at the forum. Thank you and have a blessed day.

Climate of nepal

Nepal has a great deal of variation in climate... and a tropical and subtropical climate exists in the Tarai Region. Outside the Tarai, however, the climate is completely different. The remarkable differences in climatic conditions are primarily related to the enormous range of altitude within such a short north-south distance. The presence of the east-west-trending Himalayan massifs to the north and the monsoonal alteration of wet and dry seasons also greatly contribute to local variations in climate.... five climatic zones in Nepal based on altitude: the tropical and subtropical zone of below 1,200 meters in altitude; the cool, temperate zone of 1,200 to 2,400 meters in altitude; the cold zone of 2,400 to 3,600 meters in altitude; the subarctic climatic zone of 3,600 to 4,400 meters in altitude; and the arctic zone above 4,400 meters in altitude. In terms of natural vegetational regimes or distribution patterns, altitude again plays a significant role. Below 1,200 meters, the dominant form of vegetation consists of tropical and subtropical rain forests.
The summer monsoon, a strong flow of moist air from the southwest, follows the premonsoon season.... Even though the arrival of the summer monsoon can vary by as much as a month, in Nepal it generally arrives in early June, is preceded by violent lightning and thunderstorms, and lasts through September, when it begins to recede. The plains and lower Himalayas receive more than 70 percent of their annual precipitation during the summer monsoon. The amount of summer monsoon rain generally declines from southeast to northwest as the maritime wedge of air gradually becomes thinner and dryer. Although the success of farming is almost totally dependent on the timely arrival of the summer monsoon, it periodically causes such problems as landslides; subsequent losses of human lives, farmlands, and other properties (not to mention great difficulty in the movement of goods and people); and heavy flooding in the plains. Conversely, when prolonged breaks in the summer monsoon occur, severe drought and famine often result.

Rivers Of Nepal

Rivers in Nepal are treated as goddesses. They are the ever flowing and inspiring source of beauty, abundance and infinite adventure. The rugged topography, extreme variations and excessive snow melting in Nepal make this mountain kingdom blessed with blosoming, flowering rivers, running across the country. This makes Nepal an obvious choice for river adventure.(1) River Rafting/White Water Rafting



River Rafting is journeying on torrential river on an inflatable rubber boat. A River Raft is the most enjoyable way of checking one's guts. Both amateur and experienced rafters equally enjoy it. A river trip also provides the opportunity for geological surveys and fishing.In a country like Nepal, blessed by Himalayan rivers, a river trip is one of the best ways to explore a typical cross section of the country's natural as well as ethno-cultural heritage. The river is regarded as a form of goddess and is used for the purpose of various religious rituals under both Hinduism and Buddhism. A variety of cultural activities can be witnessed being performed along the river. The adjoining slopes of the river often harbor dense vegetation and interesting wildlife.

Mankamana Temple

Manakamana is the name of a Hindu Goddess. It is believed that the Goddess fulfils the wishes of the people. The term ‘mana’ means the ‘heart’ or ‘soul’ and ‘kamana’ means the ‘wish’.

The most popular temple of Manakamana is inGorkha. The others are in various places likeTumlingtar. It is said that a King of Gorkha was blessed by the goddess to get victory over small kingdoms and make a big Gorkha. Manakamana of Tumlingtar is a popular place for a specific fair called Ekadashi. The temple was initially inaccessible and one had to ride on horseback for 2–3 days. Now it is easily accessible by Cable Car.

The queen of Ram Shah, the king of Gorkha born in 1614 AD, was a goddess known to only her devotee, Lakhan Thapa. One day the king saw his queen in the form of a goddess. He told about it to the queen and he died instantly, in 1636 AD. The queen committed Sati (commit cremation with the husband's pyre as per custom of that time). Lakhan Thapa lamented on her Sati.The queen consoled him to reappear again. Six months later, a farmer hit a stone while ploughing his field. Blood and milk came out from the stone. Lakhan Thapa came to know the news.

He worshipped the place with 'tantric' rituals. The flow of blood and milk ceased. The site became the foundation of the present-day shrine- Manakamana Temple. Manakamana meaning wishes fulfilling goddess. The current pujari, Priest, is the 17th generation descendant of Lakhan Thapa.

Calture

Nepal is blessed with one of the richest cultures in the world. Culture has been called 'the way of life for an entire society'. The statement holds particularly true in case of Nepal where every aspect of life, food, clothing and even occupations are culturally guided. The culture of Nepal includes the codes of manners, dress, language, rituals, norms of behavior and systems of belief.Nepal has several ancient pilgrimage sites.

Each temple is attached to a legend or belief that glorifies the miraculous powers of its deity. Kathmandu Valley is home to the famous Pashupatinath Temple, Swayambhu Stupa and several other famous temples. Hundreds of famous temples are located in and around the Kathmandu Valley. Some well-known pilgramage sites are: Barah Chhetra, Halesi Mahadev, Janakpur, Pathibhara, Tengboche in East Nepal; Manakaman, Gorkha, Lumbini, Muktinath, Gosainkunda, Tansen, Kathmandu Valley in Central Nepal; and Swargadwari, Khaptad Ashram in West Nepal.Nepal is also the Gateway to Kailash Mansarovar, the mythical abode of Lord Shiva.

Devotees from various parts of Nepal and India throng the temples during special festivals.

Even though weak infrastructure renders some places hard to reach, efforts are being made on national level to develop and promote some popular sites.

Pilgrimage sites of Nepal like Muktinath and Gosainkunda make popular trekking destinations. Tours to these sites are encouraged for the novelty they provide in terms of nature and culture.

Nepal Cabinet to Meet at Everest Over Climate Change

Cabinet will meet at the Mount Everest base camp this week to draw attention to the threat of climate change from melting glaciers and government efforts to protect the Himalayan environment.
The Everest meeting at Kalapatthar, 5,240 meters (17,192 feet) above sea level, follows one in October when the Maldives held an underwater Cabinet meeting to highlight the risk the low-lying island-nation faces of being submerged by rising seas.
Twenty-six ministers and aides will fly to Lukla in eastern Nepal on Dec. 3, then travel by helicopter to Kalapatthar for the meeting the next day, Nepalnews.com reported. Nepal, between China and India, is home to Everest, the world’s tallest mountain, and eight more of the world’s 14 highest peaks.
Global warming mainly caused by greenhouse-gas emissions is melting glaciers from Switzerland to the Himalayas, threatening water and food security for 1.6 billion people in South Asia, according to an Asian Development Bank study. Half of the Alps’ glacial terrain has vanished since the 1850s, according to the World Glacier Monitoring Service in Zurich.
The Himalayas are the source of India’s Ganges River; the Yangtze, China’s longest; Nepal’s main river, the Karnali; and Pakistan’s longest, the Indus. India and China possess more than 40 percent of Earth’s population and rely on rivers for drinking water and irrigation.
Nepal and the Maldives have felt compelled to use their endangered geography ahead of United Nations-sponsored climate talks that begin Dec. 7 in Copenhagen to publicize the threat that heat-trapping pollution causes developing countries.
Scuba Meeting
Maldivian President Mohamed Nasheed and 11 ministers donned scuba gear to hold a meeting 4 meters under water last month in a lagoon, the British Broadcasting Corp. said.
The Maldives may be uninhabitable by the century’s end, scientists have said, based on forecasts of rising sea levels. Glaciers and ice sheets are melting in Antarctica and Greenland and ocean water occupies more volume the warmer it is.

Culture of Nepal

The rich cultural heritage of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, has evolved over centuries. This multi-dimensional cultural heritage encompasses within itself the cultural diversities of various ethnic, tribal, and social groups inhabiting different altitudes, and it manifests in various forms: music and dance; art and craft; folklores and folktales; languages and literature; philosophy and religion; festivals and celebrations; and foods and drinks.

Religions and philosophy

The 2001 census identified 80.6% of the population as Hindu and Buddhism was practiced by about 11% of the population (although many people labelled Hindu or Buddhist often practice a syncretic blend of Hinduism, Buddhism and/or animist traditions). About 4.2% of the population is Muslim and 3.6% of the population follows the indigenous Kirant religion. Christianity is practiced officially by less than 0.5% of the population.
Hindu and Buddhist traditions in Nepal go back to more than two millennia. In Lumbini, Buddha was born, and Pashupatinath temple, Kathamandu, is an old and famous Shiva temple of Hindus. Nepal has several other temples and Buddhist monasteries as well as places of worship of other religious groups. Traditionally, Nepalese philosophical thoughts are ingrained with the Hindu and Buddhist philosophical ethos and traditions, which include elements of Kashmir Shaivism, Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism, works of

Karmacharyas of Bhaktapur, and a variety of tantric traditions. Tantric traditions are deep rooted in Nepal, including the practice of animal sacrifices. Five types of animals, always male, are considered acceptable for sacrifice: water buffalo, goats, sheep, chickens, and ducks.
With a multiplicity of groups, Nepal has several cults, and gods and goddesses, which co-exist with the major religions. In its long cultural history, Nepal has always remained a land of religious harmony.